Disney aspect ratio conundrum

02-12-2006 17:18 | 13960 views  |  Michael Mackenzie  |  Show Backlinks

In Disney fandom, there is a long-running debate surrounding the intended aspect ratios of a number of the studio's animated features, including everything from One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961) up to and including The Fox and the Hound (1981). For a long time, the eight films encompassed by this 20-year period were all available on DVD in a 1.33:1 Academy aspect ratio, barring The Rescuers (1977), which was released in 1.66:1. No-one could really decide exactly which ratio these films were meant to be shown in: theoretically, they were all released at a time when cinemas equipped to display Academy material were no longer common, so it makes sense to assume that they would have been exhibited in a ratio somewhere between 1.66:1 (European widescreen) and 1.85:1 (American widescreen). This was substantiated somewhat by the admittedly unreliable IMDB, which listed an intended ratio of 1.75:1 for these titles.

The DVDs, however, suggested otherwise. Many argued that Disney would not have released these films in 1.33:1 on DVD if that was not their intended ratio, especially given their otherwise solid track record for presenting the other Animated Classics on DVD properly. Opponents of this theory pointed to The Rescuers as the odd one out, wondering why Disney would have made this film in widescreen and then gone back to the Academy ratio for their next project. Likewise, the obviously cropped DVD and VHS releases of The Fox and the Hound strongly indicated that something foul was afoot in Neverland.

The release of a new edition of Robin Hood, however, goes some way towards answering these various questions. Previously, this film was, like its counterparts from the 1961-1981 period, released on DVD in a 1.33:1 aspect ratio, which showed no obvious cropping. Personally, I always suspected that, barring The Rescuers and The Fox and the Hound, all the films of this 20-year period were being released in an open matte format - substantiated by the fact that zooming the DVDs in on a widescreen TV generally resulted in few if any framing problems. Now, Robin Hood has been released in a new "Most Wanted Edition" (how on earth do they come up with these titles?), and it turns out to be a 1.75:1 anamorphic presentation (i.e. with very thin black bars on either side of the widescreen frame). The Ultimate Disney review, which includes a screenshot comparing this release to its 1.33:1 predecessor, clearly shows that the earlier version was open matte. Indeed, flicking between the two captures of the same frame from both releases, it's clear that, on the left and right hand side of the frame, there is barely even a pixel's worth of difference. At the top and bottom, however, the new release obscures a considerable amount of the dead space that was present on the previous release.

The reviewer admittedly does have some reservations about this new presentation, pointing to the fact that "some elements do feel slightly cramped in the vertical direction", and a few of the screen captures accompanying the review do substantiate this. I'm not particularly convinced, however, by the various arguments he puts forth in favour of 1.33:1 being the intended presentation (although, to his credit, he doesn't attempt to claim one or the other to be the "correct" way to view the film). It seems, to me at least, clear that Robin Hood (and, therefore, presumably also One Hundred and One Dalmatians, The Aristocats and so on) were exhibited theatrically at around a ratio of 1.75:1 (which falls fairly squarely between 1.66:1 and 1.85:1), therefore making this new DVD an accurate representation of its intended appearance. I consider Robin Hood to be one of the worst films from a generally poor period in the Disney studio's history, but I'm sorely tempted to pick up this new version and bin (or, more likely, eBay) my old fullscreen disc.

The only question now is why did they go to the effort to get Robin Hood right, but weren't willing to take this extra step for The Fox and the Hound?

Comments

#1 Posted: 03-12-2006 11:34
SimonI
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An interesting issue related to the "slightly cramped in the vertical direction" remark is that if you compare the widescreen and Academy versions of A Bug's Life, the title sequence approaching the tree looks vertically cramped in the widescreen (ie., proper) version but not in the Academy; or at least it does if you watch one after the other. Now this film was recomposed for the Academy version, including putting in more vertical space for some scenes, like in this opening one. This suggests that a sense of vertical cramping may be gotten even when there is no basis for it. Or something like that... (he rambled) ;)

I for one shall be very interested to see what they do with Jungle Book, which was 4:3 in its previous DVD release.
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#2 Posted: 03-12-2006 23:23
Gary Couzens
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Disney have been quite happy to show their films in incorrect ratios in the past, for example their pre-1953 films which are definitely meant to be in Academy Ratio. It's only been fifteen years or so that cinema reissues of these films "windowboxed" the 4:3 image so that it could be shown in cinemas at ratios up to 1.85:1. Before then, they were quite happy to step-print and crop the image into the wider ratio (also done on reissues of the non-Disney Gone With the Wind). I remember a mid-80s reissue of Bambi being cropped, and a circa-1992 reissue of the same film being windowboxed. They even windowboxed a reissue of The Aristocrats, which being made in 1970 should be shown in the wider ratio anyway. So Disney certainly do not always get it right.

In 1961 in the USA and UK, commercial cinemas which could show Academy Ratio films properly were non-existent, not just "no longer common" - tho only ones that could being arthouses and repertory cinema clubs. Let's not forget that Disney has always marketed its films for wide commercial release and its prime market is the USA - there, you'd have to search hard to find a commercial cinema that could show anything other than 1.85:1 and 2.35:1, so it seems pretty clear to me that these films are intended to be shown at 1.85:1 without any undue problems. To do otherwise makes no sense, especially as video did not exist at the time, and the films were not sold to TV either.

As with other filmmakers, what ratio they prefer to display their films in on the smaller screen is another matter. Maybe the earlier releases in 4:3 open-matte had more to do with lesser takeup of widescreen TV sets in DVD's earlier days, especially in the USA. (This is a similar reason to Criterion's not releasing anamorphic DVDs early on.)
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#3 Posted: 04-12-2006 15:18
Scaramanga
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Glad I have the old version as I'd refuse to buy the matted widescreen. It was animated so it was, in some way, meant to be seen IMO. There'd be no sense in animating things which will never be seen, unlike normal filming. With normal movies it's all there so there's no extra effort involved in just filming it.

1.75:1 may have been the intended theatrical ratio, but in these cases I prefer the unmatted version, even when they aren't what was intended to be seen. When I compare the screenshots from the new version and my old full screen dvd, the new widescreen just looks cramped, not to mention lots of heads and other body parts are gonna be cut off.

A shame they weren't consistent to begin with, that way we wouldn't have to be discussing it now :(

The very thought of them matting features like 101 Dalmatians and Jungle Book gives me the shivers. I just can't imagine anything in them being superfluous. I guess I just prefer the animation ratio and them changing their minds all of a sudden for this releases might not be a good sign at all.
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#4 Posted: 05-12-2006 20:57
echidnaboy
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When a film is composed for two aspect ratios, the DVD should offer both options and let the viewer decide how to watch it. Normally this means presenting the image uncropped (I suppose the ideal solution would be an anamorphic version on a separate disc). This also applies to live action (Kubrick's later films, for instance), but it's particularly important with animation - as Scaramanga says, if it was animated it's meant to be seen. As long as you're not including out-of-frame rubbish like the "Reconstructed" Transformers DVD, that is.
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#5 Posted: 10-12-2006 00:26
James Lee
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There was a discussion about this at HTF and the upshot was that all Disney films post 1955 were meant to be projected in widescreen and were animated with that in mind. Removing the mattes reveals all sorts of different ratios with Disney films. Not just standard 1.37:1 but some very unusual ratios.

BTW, is the current DVD of Fox And The Hound pan'scan/cropped or is an open matte version
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#6 Posted: 10-12-2006 10:01
Michael Mackenzie
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Quote:
Originally Posted by James Lee:
BTW, is the current DVD of Fox And The Hound pan'scan/cropped or is an open matte version

It definitely looks pan and scanned to me. The compositions are often extremely tight on the left and right, and on a few occasions you can actually see the camera sliding very slightly to either side in order to accommodate important information in a way that doesn't look organic to the cinematography itself.

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#7 Posted: 10-12-2006 12:49
hammeramicus
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The Fox and the Hound was not shot in an anamorphic widescreen process (ie. 2.35:1 Panavision), so it can't be panned and scanned. It is most likely cropped on either side. However, it seems strange that Disney would choose to shoot this film hard mate (hence the cropping) and not soft matte like all of there other contemporaneous animated films.
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#8 Posted: 27-07-2007 10:50
garypleace
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I,ve got the "Atlantis" pan and scan DVD - yuk!
If ever a movie was shot with the widescreen in mind it was this - the entertainment value was severely compromised while watching it.
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